Davide Nadali and Andrea Polcaro, 2020, Preliminary Report on the Third Season of Excavations at Tell Zurghul, ancient Nigin, Iraq

Tell Zurghul, the ancient Sumerian Nigin in the ancient State of Lagash, is currently excavated by a joint Italian archaeological expedition of Sapienza University of Rome and University of Perugia since 2014. The paper presents the results of the most recent excavation campaigns carried out in 2016 and 2017 covering three areas (A, B, and D) in the central region of the site and a survey carried out along the western edge of the city (Area C). Recent agreements with the Department of Geology of both Perugia and Rome aimed at the study of the hydro-geological morphology of the site with special focus on the investigation of the areas once covered by water, i.e. the presence of marshes and canals, as the same Gudea of Lagash mentions in his inscriptions. Furthermore, the study also encompasses the analysis of the ancient shape of the city across time, from the Ubaid to the late third/beginning of the second Millennium BC.